Ṣād
This sūrah centres on the theme that the Prophet has been sent as a warner with revelation from the divine environs calling people to the oneness of God (tawḥīd) and sincerity in worship.
The sūrah is divided into the following sections:
It begins by describing the deniers (kuffār)—their haughtiness, disunity, and total arrogance towards following him or believing in him. It describes how they keep people away from him and utter baseless claims, which are refuted in a separate section.
Then it commands the Prophet to be patient and recalls the stories of God’s ancient worshippers.
Then it speaks of the fate of those who are mindful of God versus the evildoers.
Then it commands the Prophet to proclaim his message and call to the oneness of God. It also commands him to pronounce that the followers of Satan are doomed to the fire, for God decreed this on the day when He ordered the angels to prostrate to Adam, and Iblīs refused; therefore, he was cursed, and it was decreed that he and whoever followed him would end up in the Fire.
The context indicates that the sūrah was revealed in Mecca.
This is the ʿAllāmah's introduction to the sūrah, from the opening of the commentary.